Cotsarelis and his team analyzed skin cells from the bald and non-bald parts of the scalp of people with androgenetic alopecia. The study was published early 2011 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. George Cotsarelis, a professor of dermatology at the University of Pennsylvania, published a study showing that bald people have the same number of follicle stem cells as those with hair. Over the past decade, there has been much hope and hype for a realistic treatment for baldness using stem cell technology.įor years, scientists had thought that people suffering from hair loss had a depletion of hair follicles and follicle stem cells, which are necessary to grow hair. Recent research has focused on Vitamin D and the Vitamin D receptor to stimulate hair follicle growth. Medications like Propecia cannot restore the large healthy follicles in androgenic alopecia and have been reported to have many untoward side effects, some of which appear to be permanent even after discontinuing the medication. They are more effective for maintaining hair already on the scalp than they are in re-growing hair. Currently, Rogaine and Propecia are the only two medications for baldness approved by the FDA. There has been some recent interest in hair restoration by the uncontrolled injection of Platelet rich plasma (mostly growth factors and a few stem cells). Efforts are made to match hair types and hair direction to maintain optimal appearance. There are many hair restoration techniques and cosmetic hair procedures available today. This means that there is no active growth going on with that hair strand. Hairs in the resting phase are neither growing nor falling out. Referred to as telogen and lasting a few months, this is the phase where hair is resting or sleeping. Sometimes this hair loss is associated with brushing ones hair or shampooing. These hairs are lost to make way for new growth hair that will soon appear. On any typical day, most people shed anywhere between 75-100 scalp hairs. The catagen, or hair loss phase, lasts approximately three to four weeks. Only a small percentage of our hair strands are in one of the two remaining phases of cyclical hair growth. Most of our hair is in the anagen growth phase. As a result of a shortened anagen phase, individuals may notice that their hair is becoming finer and thinner with less color properties. The duration of anagen is on average three to four years but can in some cases be as long as nine years. In the anagen phase the majority of all hairs strands are actively growing. There are three phases in the hair growth cycle. One of the common trends that is seen as individuals advance in age and begin to lose primary terminal hairs on the scalp area is for it to be replaced with vellus hairs, very similar to what was present when the individual was first born as an infant before the scalp filled in with permanent hair. Alopecia results when the hair we lose is not replaced by new growth. The scalp sheds hair that is dead or damaged on a daily basis. Humans are constantly in a state of growing and losing our hair. The body produces three different types of hair the hair type found on the human scalp is known as terminal hair. One single strand of hair is comprised of multiple microscopic, components all of which contribute to the body’s ability to grow and maintain healthy hair. The average person has 100,000 to 150,000 hairs on their scalp at any given time. Hair grows at an average rate of approximately half an inch per month. Twenty to thirty million American women also suffer from various degrees of alopecia. Male pattern baldness affecting 35 million American men, also known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA), is X-linked and therefore largely linked to maternal genetic influence. Nutrition also plays an important role in whether or not the body is able to produce healthy hair. Infections iron or Vitamin D deficiency, autoimmune disorders and metabolic problems can also have a role in hair loss. The growth of human hair is an extremely complex process and hair loss is based on a number of factors including genetics, hormonal influence, environment issues, and health condition. Stem Cells and Hair Regeneration for Men and Women
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